Estudio retrospectivo del uso de bevacizumab intravítreo en un hospital público de la Argentina

Alejo Martínez Peterlin; Gustavo Pin Hidalgo; Magalí Sansinanea; Gonzalo Ariel Méndez; Beatriz Berlatto; Patricia Paglieri; Florencia Settecase; Diana Anzorena; Luisa Poffer; Felipe Crocco; Andrea Valeiras

doi:10.70313/2718.7446.v17.n02.323

Autores/as

Alejo Martínez Peterlin Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Gustavo Pin Hidalgo Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Magalí Sansinanea Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Gonzalo Ariel Méndez Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Beatriz Berlatto Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Patricia Paglieri Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Florencia Settecase Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Diana Anzorena Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Luisa Poffer Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Felipe Crocco Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Andrea Valeiras Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v17.n02.323

Palabras clave:

bevacizumab, inyecciones intravítreas, retina, salud pública, medicamentos off-label

Resumen

Objetivo: Describir los resultados obtenidos con la utilización de inyecciones intravítreas de bevacizumab para patologías vitreorretinales.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico donde se examinó la evolución de pacientes que recibieron al menos una inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab entre febrero de 2021 y marzo de 2024. Se recopiló información sobre edad, sexo, diagnóstico, agudeza visual mejor corregida inicial y final, cambio en al menos 1 décima, cumplimiento del esquema de tratamiento, motivo de suspensión del tratamiento, espesor macular inicial y final, y eventos adversos serios.

Resultados: El estudio incluyó 84 ojos de 77 pacientes con edad media de 56,3 años (rango: 23-89). Se administraron 218 inyecciones con un promedio de 2,56 inyecciones por ojo y 2,8 por paciente. Las principales patologías tratadas fueron edema macular diabético (34,52%) y edema macular secundario a oclusiones vasculares (33,3%). El esquema primario de 3 dosis se cumplió en el 72,62% de los casos. Se observó una mejora en la agudeza visual en el 72,1% de los pacientes con una reducción del espesor macular promedio de 110,74 µm. Los efectos adversos serios fueron poco frecuentes, con un caso de hipertensión arterial (0,4%) y un caso de desprendimiento de retina regmatógeno (0,4%).

Conclusión: El tratamiento con inyecciones intravítreas de bevacizumab resultó seguro y efectivo para mejorar la agudeza visual en patologías vitreorretinales y constituyó además una estrategia beneficiosa en cuanto a su costo en el contexto de la salud pública.

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