Patología vascular órbito-palpebral en niños: una serie de casos

Abstract

Objectives: To know what the most prevalent orbito-palpebral vascular pathology is and also to determine the complementary imaging methods used, as well as to describe the treatments established in each case. 
Materials and method: A retrospective observational case-series study of orbito-palpebral vascular pathology was performed. A descriptive evaluation was performed, including parameters as ophthalmological signs, treatment performed, response to treatment, imaging methods were evaluated. 
Results: A total of 14 patients were found, from which 3 infantile hemangiomas (21.43%), 6 lymphatic malformations (42.86%), 4 lymphaticovenous malformations (28.57%), and 1 high flow carotid cavernous fistula (7.14%) were obtained according to the ISSVA classification. The treatments as beta-blocker for hemangiomas, sclerotherapy for malformations, and embolization for arteriovenous fistula were used. About the age of diagnosis, hemangiomas had an average age of 1 month, while in vascular malformations it was 4.5 years. The most common ophthalmological sign was proptosis (8 cases), followed by strabismus (6 cases). A clinical resolution of their basic symptoms was obtained in the vast majority of cases (93%). Among the imaging methods, ultrasound was found as the most used (78%), followed by magnetic resonance imaging (64%). 
Conclusions: Lymphatic malformation was the most prevalent vascular pathology in our environment, the most used complementary method was ultrasound, the treatments for each case were beta-blocker for hemangiomas, sclerotherapy for malformations, and embolization for arteriovenous fistula.