Factores de riesgo en la miopía escolar

María Marta Galán; Rafael Iribarren

doi:10.70313/2718.7446.v16.n01.208

Autores

María Marta Galán Nueva Clínica del Niño de La Plata; Argentina
Rafael Iribarren Consultorio Dres. Iribarren; Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v16.n01.208

Palavras-chave:

miopia, fatores de risco, história familiar, ar puro, leitura

Resumo

Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a miopia e seus fatores de risco em pacientes pediátricos.

Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional sobre os fatores de risco para miopia escolar em crianças examinadas na cidade de La Plata, Argentina. A refração sob cicloplegia foi realizada em um grupo de crianças míopes e outro grupo de controles normais. O adulto acompanhante recebeu um questionário com perguntas sobre histórico familiar, horas semanais de exposição ao ar livre e horas diárias de trabalho próximo e/ou telas.

Resultados: Foram estudados 166 pacientes com média de idade de 8,6 ± 2,9 anos, dos quais 94 (56,6%) eram meninas. A amostra contou com 97 crianças míopes (58,4%) e 69 crianças não míopes (41,6%). O equivalente esférico foi semelhante em ambos os olhos, sendo -1,64 ± 1,16 dioptrias no olho direito das crianças míopes e +0,83 ± 0,27 dioptrias nas crianças não míopes. Houve diferenças significativas na história, uma vez que apenas 26,1% dos controles tinham história parental de miopia e 64,6% das crianças míopes tinham (p<0,001). Também houve diferenças significativas no número de horas passadas ao ar livre que as crianças de ambos os grupos (p<0,01), mas não no número de horas por dia que passaram a utilizar o telemóvel (p=0,75).

Conclusões: Nesta amostra de pacientes oftalmológicos pediátricos de nosso meio, observam-se os mesmos fatores de risco modificáveis descritos na literatura, possibilitando a prevenção da miopia.

Biografias Autor

María Marta Galán, Nueva Clínica del Niño de La Plata; Argentina

Dra.

Nueva Clínica del Niño de La Plata La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Rafael Iribarren, Consultorio Dres. Iribarren; Argentina

Consultorio Dres. Iribarren, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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