Leaky ocular surface syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v17.n02.319Keywords:
ocular surface, allergy, dry eye, gut-ocular surface axis, leaky ocular surface, leaky conjunctiva, leaky gutAbstract
It has long been recognized that intestinal permeability is altered when the tight junctions between epithelial cells do not properly regulate the transcellular transport of macromolecules and can cause an interaction between the antigens of the microorganisms that inhabit the intestinal lumen and the host immune system. This loss of the intestinal barrier function increases its permeability and can trigger inflammatory, autoimmune and even tumor phenomena. Genetic factors, climate, diet, acute and chronic stress, socioeconomic conditions and habits and microbiota are linked to this alteration. Different authors point out the increase in intestinal permeability and its impact on the lungs, skin and brain, motivating the description of the intestine-lung, intestine-skin and intestine-brain axes. Following this descriptive line, we postulate our personal hypothesis on the possible manifestation of a gut-ocular surface axis. In the same way, and given that both the intestine and the conjunctiva are mucous membranes with epithelial barriers, we propose the potential for the ocular surface (mainly at the expense of the conjunctiva) to behave like the intestine, and upon loss of its permeability it could trigger the aforementioned inflammatory, autoimmune and tumor phenomena.
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