Cuestionarios
herramientas de estudio en oftalmología
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v16.n01.207Palabras clave:
cuestionarios, PROM, VFQ, OSDI, calidad de vidaResumen
Los cuestionarios se han transformado en una gran herramienta en medicina, tanto en el ámbito asistencial como en investigación, ya que permiten obtener una medida de resultados comunicadas por los pacientes. Se denominan generalmente por sus siglas en inglés como PROM (patient-reported outcome measures). Permiten conocer la opinión del paciente sobre diferentes aspectos, pero mediante la aplicación de una metodología específica transforman esa “opinión” en un parámetro medible, que a su vez se vuelve reproducible y comparable, sea para el mismo paciente ante diferentes escenarios como para comparar poblaciones. Pero hay una serie de características que harán que un cuestionario gane o pierda poder científico. Algo a considerar, por ejemplo, son las condiciones socioculturales y el idioma de la población en la cual se va a aplicar. Dentro de los PROM más comúnmente utilizados en oftalmología encontramos al VFQ-25 (que es el más utilizado en las diferentes subespecialidades para evaluar calidad de vida) y el OSDI, que se ha popularizado como una buena herramienta en la evaluación de los pacientes con problemas de superficie ocular. Pero a veces puede ser necesario adaptar o incluso crear cuestionarios específicamente diseñados para una condición o estudio especial.
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