Melanoma ocular
reporte de 24 casos de la Unidad de Melanoma del Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Montevideo, Uruguay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v13.n01.5Palabras clave:
melanoma ocular, enucleación, sobrevidaResumen
Objetivos: Determinar las características clínico-epidemiológicas, manejo terapéutico y tasa de supervivencia de pacientes con diagnóstico de melanoma ocular a lo largo de 20 años. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo donde se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de melanoma ocular desde 1997 hasta 2017 en el Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela de Montevideo, Uruguay. Para los cálculos de sobrevida se usó el método de Kaplan Meier y se consideró estadísticamente significativo un valor de p <0,05. Resultados: Se identificaron 24 pacientes, la edad media al debut fue de 58 años; el 70,8% se presentó en mujeres y el motivo de consulta más frecuente fue la pérdida de la visión en 21 casos (88%). La localización en coroides se presentó en 15 pacientes (62,5%), seguida de cuerpo ciliar, conjuntiva e iris. La histología fue melanoma epitelioide en 9 casos (37,5%) y fusocelular en 8 casos (33,3%). La enucleación fue el tratamiento de elección en 18 pacientes (79%). Al momento del cierre, 17 casos (70,8%) se encuentran vivos y en controles. La tasa de supervivencia a los 5 años fue del 74,2% y a los 10 años, del 51,9%. Conclusiones: En Montevideo, las características clínico-epidemiológicas y de supervivencia del melanoma ocular concuerdan con series internacionales. Esperamos que este estudio pueda ayudar a mejorar el conocimiento de la enfermedad y de las opciones terapéuticas disponibles en la región.
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