Inyecciones intravítreas, degeneración macular asociada a la edad e hipertensión ocular

Jorge Sánchez-Monroy; Inés Munuera Rufas

doi:10.70313/2718.7446.v15.n04.186

Autores

Jorge Sánchez-Monroy Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España
Inés Munuera Rufas Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70313/2718.7446.v15.n04.186

Palavras-chave:

degeneração macular relacionada à idade, glaucoma, antiangiogênico, anti-VEGF, injeções intravítreas

Resumo

A idade é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de glaucoma e também degeneração macular relacionada à idade (DMRI). A DMRI é tratada com medicamentos chamados antiangiogênicos (anti-VEGF) que são administrados por injeções intravítreas em esquemas terapêuticos que exigem que esse ato seja repetitivo ao longo do tempo. A administração de tratamentos intravítreos tem sido associada à produção de um pico hipertensivo que pode ser agudo e transitório, embora às vezes cause um aumento sustentado e crônico da pressão intraocular.Um intervalo curto entre injeções (< de 8 semanas), um número elevado de injeções (mais de 7 por ano), pacientes com câmara estreita, fácicos e com diagnóstico prévio de glaucoma são os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de uma elevação sustentada da PIO após tratamento intravítreo com agentes antiangiogênicos. Portanto, esta revisão avaliou as evidências científicas publicadas sobre a relação entre a administração de antiangiogênicos intravítreos e o aumento da pressão intraocular, tanto a curto quanto a longo prazo.
Finalmente, destaca-se a importância de identificar pacientes com alto risco de desenvolver hipertensão ocular após o uso de injeções intravítreas e a necessidade de adotar medidas que reduzam esse risco, como a administração de hipotensores tópicos antes da injeção.

Palavras-chave: degeneração macular relacionada à idade, glaucoma, antiangiogênico, anti-VEGF, injeções intravítreas.

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